Roadside Geology of Ohio
by Mark J. Camp
Roadside Geology of Ohio
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| I. Preface |
vii
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| II. Introduction to Ohio's Geology |
1
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| A) A Geologic Calendar |
1
|
| B) Plate Tectonics and Ohio's Origins |
2
|
| C) Ohio's Basement |
4
|
| D) Paleozoic Time |
5
|
| North American Mountain-Building Events |
5
|
| The Ordovician World |
7
|
| The Silurian World |
7
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| The Devonian World |
8
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| The Mississippian, Pennsylvanian, and Permian Worlds |
9
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| The Missing Record |
11
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| Arches and Sedimentary Basins |
11
|
| E) The Pleistocene Ice Age |
12
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| Glacial Erosion and Deposition |
14
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| Windblown Sediments |
16
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| F) Record in the Rocks |
17
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| G) Common Ohio Fossils |
19
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| H) Rocks as Resources |
22
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| Sand and Gravel |
24
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| Ohio's Common Minerals |
24
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| I) Other Notable Geologic Features |
27
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| Groundwater and Karst |
27
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| Rivers and Streams |
29
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| Flooding Rivers and Flash Floods |
30
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| Slides and Slumps |
31
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| III. Western Ohio-The Till Plains |
35
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| A) Ordovician Formations |
35
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| B) Silurian Formations |
40
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| C) Devonian Formations |
45
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| D) The Pleistocene Ice Age |
48
|
| E) The Great Black Swamp |
50
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| F) Lima-Indiana Oil and Gas Field |
52
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| G) The Stone Industry |
53
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| Road Guides | |
| I-70/U.S. 40: Buckeye Lake-Indiana Line |
54
|
| I-71: Columbus-Cincinnati |
58
|
| I-75: Toledo-Cincinnati |
63
|
| I-80/90 and U.S. 20: Toledo-Indiana Line |
78
|
| U.S. 23: Toledo-Chillicothe |
83
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| U.S. 24: Toledo-Indiana Line |
99
|
| U.S. 30/U.S. 224: Crestline and Willard-Indiana Line |
104
|
| U.S. 50: Chillicothe-Indiana Line |
110
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| U.S. 68: Findlay-Aberdeen |
120
|
| U.S. 127: Michigan Line-Cincinnati |
136
|
| Ohio 32: Peebles-Cincinnati |
143
|
| IV. Ohio Uplands-The Allegheny Plateau |
149
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| A) Devonian and Mississippian Formations |
150
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| B) Pennsylvanian Formations |
153
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| C) Coal Formation |
158
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| D) Permian Formations |
158
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| E) Coal Mining |
160
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| F) The Clay Industry |
162
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| G) The Pleistocene Ice Age |
163
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| H) The Teays Drainage |
164
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| Road Guides | |
| I-70/U.S. 40: Bridgeport-Buckeye Lake |
166
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| I-71: Cleveland-Columbus |
185
|
| I-77: Cleveland-Marietta |
198
|
| I-80/U.S. 422: Pennsylvania Line-Cleveland |
217
|
| U.S. 23: Chillicothe-Portsmouth |
227
|
| U.S. 30 and U.S. 224/I-76: East Liverpool and the Pennsylvania Line-Crestline and Willard |
231
|
| U.S. 33: Columbus-Pomeroy |
249
|
| U.S. 50: Coolville-Chillicothe |
273
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| PU.S. 250: Sandusky-The Ohio River |
277
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| Ohio 11: Ashtabula-East Liverpool |
285
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| Ohio 32: Albany-Peebles |
297
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| V. Lakeshore Ohio |
304
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| A) History of Lake Erie |
304
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| B) Lake Erie Basins |
308
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| C) Shoreline Dynamics |
308
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| Road guides | |
| I-90/U.S. 20 (Including I-80 between Elyria and Toledo): Pennsylvania Line-Toledo |
313
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| VI. The Ohio Valley-A Product of the Ice Age |
342
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| A) History of the Ohio River |
343
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| B) Notable Floods |
346
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| U.S. 52: Sybene-Indiana Line |
348
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| Ohio 7: East Liverpool-Chesapeake |
363
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| VII. Glossary |
380
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| VIII. Additional Reading |
387
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| IX. Index |
390
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