Roadside Geology of Washington
by Marli B. Miller and Darrel S. Cowan
Roadside Geology of Washington
|
|
| Acknowledgments |
iv
|
| Introduction |
1
|
| Washington's Rocks - A Primer |
1
|
| Plate Tectonics |
5
|
| Washington's Geologic History |
11
|
| PRECAMBRIAN ERA |
11
|
| PALEOZOIC ERA |
12
|
| MESOZOIC ERA |
15
|
| CENOZOIC ERA |
16
|
| COAST RANGE |
23
|
| Siletzia and Its Sedimentary Cover |
23
|
| Olympic Mountains and the Olympic Peninsula |
24
|
| Spits, Estuaries, and Sea Stacks |
28
|
| GUIDES TO THE COAST RANGE |
30
|
| US 12: Interstate 5 - Aberdeen |
30
|
| US 101: Olympia - Port Angeles |
32
|
| Dungeness Spit |
38
|
| US 101: Port Angeles - Aberdeen |
41
|
| Hurricane Ridge Road in Olympic National Park |
41
|
| Rialto Beach and First, Second, and Third Beaches |
46
|
| US 101: Aberdeen - Astoria, Oregon |
51
|
| Long Beach Peninsula and Cape Disappointment |
55
|
| WA 4/WA 401: Longview - Naselle - Astoria-Megler Bridge |
56
|
| WA 6: Chehalis - Raymond |
61
|
| WA 8: Olympia - Elma |
63
|
| WA 112: US 101 - Neah Bay and Cape Flattery |
64
|
| Crescent Bay |
66
|
| Cape Flattery |
67
|
| WA 113: US 101 - WA 112 |
70
|
| PUGET LOWLAND |
71
|
| Glacial Deposits and Landforms of the Puget Lobe |
71
|
| Geologic Hazards |
75
|
| GUIDES TO THE PUGET LOWLAND |
75
|
| I-5: Seattle - Canadian Border |
76
|
| Chuckanut Mountain and Larrabee State Park |
80
|
| I-5: Seattle - Olympia |
82
|
| Alki Point and Me-Kwa-Mooks Park |
84
|
| I-5: Olympia - Vancouver |
86
|
| Mima Mounds Natural Area Preserve |
88
|
| WA 20: Burlington - Port Townsend - US 101 |
92
|
| Anacortes and Washington Park |
94
|
| Rosario Head |
97
|
| Ferry Guide to the San Juan Islands |
98
|
| Anacortes - Friday Harbor |
101
|
| Friday Harbor - Anacortes via Shaw, Orcas, and Lopez Islands |
105
|
| Washington State Ferry: | |
| Seattle - Bremerton |
106
|
| NORTH CASCADES |
109
|
| The Western Domain |
111
|
| The Crystalline Core |
113
|
| The Methow Domain |
115
|
| Basins in Eocene Time |
117
|
| The Cascade Magmatic Arc |
118
|
| GUIDES TO THE NORTH CASCADES |
119
|
| I-90: Seattle - Ellensburg |
119
|
| US 2: Everett - Wenatchee |
126
|
| US 97: Ellensburg - US 2 near Leavenworth |
135
|
| WA 10 Side Trip |
136
|
| US 97: Wenatchee - Pateros |
142
|
| US 97A: Wenatchee - Chelan |
147
|
| Lake Chelan |
149
|
| WA 20: Burlington - Twisp |
150
|
| WA 153: Twisp - Pateros |
163
|
| WA 542: Bellingham - Artist Point at Mt. Baker |
165
|
| Mt. Baker |
170
|
| SOUTH CASCADES |
173
|
| Growth of the Cascade Magmatic Arc |
173
|
| Mt. Adams |
176
|
| GUIDES TO THE SOUTH CASCADES |
177
|
| US 12: I-5 - Yakima |
177
|
| WA 7 to Elbe |
180
|
| Columbia Gorge National Scenic Area |
187
|
| WA 14: Vancouver - US 97 (I-5) |
189
|
| Mount St. Helens National Volcanic Monument |
196
|
| WA 504: Castle Rock - Johnston Ridge Observatory |
199
|
| Ape Cave and Trail of Two Forests |
204
|
| Mount Rainier National Park |
205
|
| WA 706/Stevens Canyon Road: Elbe - Stevens Canyon Entrance |
210
|
| Paradise Loop |
214
|
| WA 123: US 12 - Cayuse Pass |
217
|
| WA 410: Sumner - Naches |
219
|
| Road to Sunrise |
221
|
| OKANOGAN HIGHLANDS |
227
|
| Accretion of the Quesnellia Terrane |
229
|
| Cretaceous Magmatism |
231
|
| The Crazy Eocene Epoch |
232
|
| GUIDES TO THE OKANOGAN HIGHLANDS |
233
|
| US 2: Spokane - Newport |
233
|
| US 97: Pateros - Okanogan - Canadian Border |
236
|
| US 395: Spokane - Canadian Border at Laurier |
241
|
| WA 20: Twisp - Okanogan |
246
|
| WA 20: Tonasket - Kettle Falls |
248
|
| WA 20: Newport - Colville |
253
|
| Gneiss below the Newport Fault |
256
|
| WA 31: Tiger - Metaline Falls - Canadian Border |
259
|
| Gardner Cave |
263
|
| COLUMBIA BASIN |
265
|
| Flood Basalts of Miocene Time |
265
|
| Megafloods of Pleistocene Time |
269
|
| Yakima Fold Belt |
272
|
| GUIDES TO THE COLUMBIA BASIN |
274
|
| Spokane |
274
|
| I-82: Ellensburg - Oregon Border |
277
|
| I-90: Ellensburg - Spokane - Idaho Border |
283
|
| Ginkgo Petrified Forest State Park |
285
|
| Sand Hollow Pillow Lavas |
286
|
| Frenchman Coulee |
287
|
| US 2: US 97 - Spokane |
291
|
| Withrow Moraine |
294
|
| Sun Lakes - Dry Falls State Park |
296
|
| US 12: Pasco - Clarkston |
299
|
| Wallula Gap |
301
|
| WA 261 to Lyons Ferry Bridge |
305
|
| US 97: Columbia River - Yakima |
307
|
| US 195: Spokane - Idaho Border near Lewiston |
311
|
| Steptoe Butte State Park |
315
|
| US 395: Pasco - Ritzville |
316
|
| Palouse Falls State Park |
319
|
| WA 14: Maryhill (US 97) - Plymouth (I-82) |
320
|
| WA 28/WA 281: Wenatchee - George (I-90) |
323
|
| WA 155: Coulee City - Grand Coulee |
328
|
| Grand Coulee Dam |
333
|
| WA 174: Grand Coulee - Wilbur |
334
|
| WA 821 (Yakima River Canyon): Ellensburg - East Selah |
335
|
| Glossary |
340
|
| Further Reading and References |
349
|
| Index |
360
|
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